I need to increase the units per Em from 1000 to at least 2000 in order to get a higher level of detail for small curves and round corners.
How does the increase in grid units affect the export of otf and variable fonts?
Could it create conflicts in specific softwares, browsers or other applications such as Adobe, Figma etc.?
You can set a grid smaller then 1. E.g. by setting the grid to zero or by increasing the subdivision. When exporting as CFF, those fractions are exported.